Initial commit: Xiaoxiang Smart BMS Home Assistant integration

- BLE GATT communication via bleak (UART-over-GATT, service 0xff00)
- Parses 0x03 (general info) and 0x04 (cell voltages) frames
- Protocol verified against official RS485/UART spec V4
- DataUpdateCoordinator with 5s poll interval (configurable 2-60s)
- Auto-reconnect on BLE disconnect
- Config flow: BT auto-discovery + manual MAC entry + options flow
- Sensors: voltage, current, power, SoC, capacity, cycles, temps, cells, cell delta
- HACS-ready (hacs.json, manifest.json)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
2026-04-11 19:07:18 +02:00
commit 4a769bf50f
14 changed files with 1333 additions and 0 deletions
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"""BLE GATT communication handler for the Xiaoxiang Smart BMS."""
from __future__ import annotations
import asyncio
import logging
import struct
from bleak import BleakClient, BleakError
from .const import (
FRAME_END,
FRAME_START,
RX_CHAR_UUID,
TX_CHAR_UUID,
)
_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# Full frame layout:
# [0xDD] [CMD] [STATUS] [PAYLOAD_LEN] [PAYLOAD...] [CHK_HI] [CHK_LO] [0x77]
# Header = 4 bytes, trailer = 3 bytes (checksum × 2 + end marker)
_HEADER_LEN = 4
_TRAILER_LEN = 3
class BmsBluetoothHandler:
"""Manages BLE connection and protocol framing for a Xiaoxiang BMS device."""
def __init__(self, address: str) -> None:
self._address = address
self._client: BleakClient | None = None
self._buffer = bytearray()
self._response_event = asyncio.Event()
self._response_data: bytes | None = None
self._lock = asyncio.Lock()
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
# Connection management
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
@property
def is_connected(self) -> bool:
return self._client is not None and self._client.is_connected
async def connect(self) -> None:
"""Open BLE connection and start notifications."""
if self.is_connected:
return
_LOGGER.debug("Connecting to BMS at %s", self._address)
self._client = BleakClient(
self._address,
disconnected_callback=self._on_disconnect,
)
await self._client.connect()
await self._client.start_notify(RX_CHAR_UUID, self._on_notify)
_LOGGER.debug("Connected to BMS at %s", self._address)
async def disconnect(self) -> None:
"""Close the BLE connection cleanly."""
if self._client:
try:
await self._client.disconnect()
except Exception:
pass
self._client = None
def _on_disconnect(self, _client: BleakClient) -> None:
_LOGGER.debug("BMS at %s disconnected", self._address)
self._client = None
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
# Frame reception
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
def _on_notify(self, _char, data: bytearray) -> None:
"""Accumulate BLE notification chunks into complete protocol frames.
BLE max payload is 20 bytes (default MTU), so a single BMS frame
(up to ~50 bytes for 16 cells) arrives across several notifications.
We buffer until we can calculate and verify the expected frame length.
"""
self._buffer.extend(data)
# Discard leading garbage until we see a frame start byte
while self._buffer and self._buffer[0] != FRAME_START:
self._buffer.pop(0)
# Need at least the 4-byte header to know payload length
if len(self._buffer) < _HEADER_LEN:
return
payload_len = self._buffer[3]
expected_total = _HEADER_LEN + payload_len + _TRAILER_LEN
if len(self._buffer) < expected_total:
return # still waiting for more chunks
frame = bytes(self._buffer[:expected_total])
del self._buffer[:expected_total]
if frame[-1] != FRAME_END:
_LOGGER.warning("BMS frame missing end marker, discarding: %s", frame.hex())
return
if frame[2] != 0x00:
_LOGGER.warning("BMS returned error status 0x%02X for cmd 0x%02X",
frame[2], frame[1])
return
_LOGGER.debug("BMS frame received (cmd=0x%02X, len=%d)", frame[1], payload_len)
self._response_data = frame
self._response_event.set()
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
# Request / response
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
async def request(self, command: bytes, timeout: float = 5.0) -> bytes | None:
"""Send a command frame and wait for the corresponding response frame."""
async with self._lock:
self._response_event.clear()
self._response_data = None
try:
await self._client.write_gatt_char(TX_CHAR_UUID, command, response=False)
except BleakError as exc:
_LOGGER.error("BLE write failed: %s", exc)
return None
try:
await asyncio.wait_for(self._response_event.wait(), timeout)
return self._response_data
except asyncio.TimeoutError:
_LOGGER.warning("BMS response timeout (cmd=%s)", command.hex())
return None
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
# Frame parsers
# ------------------------------------------------------------------
@staticmethod
def parse_general_info(frame: bytes) -> dict:
"""Parse a 0x03 general info response frame.
Payload byte offsets (frame[4] is payload[0]):
0-1 Total voltage uint16 BE ÷100 → V
2-3 Current int16 BE ÷100 → A (positive = charging, negative = discharging)
4-5 Residual capacity uint16 BE ÷100 → Ah
6-7 Nominal capacity uint16 BE ÷100 → Ah
8-9 Cycle count uint16 BE
10-11 Production date (ignored)
12-15 Balance status (ignored)
16-17 Protection status (ignored)
18 Software version (ignored)
19 State of charge uint8 %
20 MOS status uint8
21 Cell count uint8
22 Temp probe count uint8
23+ Temperatures uint16 BE each (raw 2731) ÷ 10 → °C
"""
p = frame[_HEADER_LEN:-_TRAILER_LEN]
temp_count = p[22]
temperatures: list[float] = []
for i in range(temp_count):
raw = struct.unpack_from(">H", p, 23 + i * 2)[0]
temperatures.append(round((raw - 2731) / 10.0, 1))
return {
"voltage": round(struct.unpack_from(">H", p, 0)[0] / 100.0, 2),
"current": round(struct.unpack_from(">h", p, 2)[0] / 100.0, 2),
"residual_capacity": round(struct.unpack_from(">H", p, 4)[0] / 100.0, 2),
"nominal_capacity": round(struct.unpack_from(">H", p, 6)[0] / 100.0, 2),
"cycle_count": struct.unpack_from(">H", p, 8)[0],
"state_of_charge": p[19],
"cell_count": p[21],
"temperatures": temperatures,
}
@staticmethod
def parse_cell_info(frame: bytes) -> dict:
"""Parse a 0x04 cell voltage response frame.
Per spec: frame[3] (the header length byte) = cell_count × 2.
The payload contains ONLY the voltage bytes — no count byte.
0+ Cell voltages uint16 BE each unit mV ÷1000 → V
"""
count = frame[3] // 2 # header length byte = N_cells × 2
p = frame[_HEADER_LEN:-_TRAILER_LEN]
voltages: list[float] = []
for i in range(count):
raw = struct.unpack_from(">H", p, i * 2)[0]
voltages.append(round(raw / 1000.0, 3))
return {"cell_voltages": voltages}